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Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (Camilla Rosemary; ''née'' Shand, previously Parker Bowles; born 17 July 1947), is the second wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, who is the eldest child and heir apparent of Queen Elizabeth II. Instead of using the title Princess of Wales, she is styled through her husband's secondary designation as Duchess of Cornwall because of the strong association of the primary title with his first wife, Diana. In Scotland, she is known as the Duchess of Rothesay. Camilla was born into a gentry family as the eldest child of Major Bruce Shand and his wife, the Honourable Rosalind Cubitt, the daughter of British aristocrat Roland Cubitt, 3rd Baron Ashcombe. She was raised in East Sussex and South Kensington, and was educated in England, Switzerland and France. Subsequently, she worked for different firms based in central London, most notably the decorating firm Sibyl Colefax & John Fowler. In 1973, Camilla married British Army officer Andrew Parker Bowles, with whom she has two children and five grandchildren. They divorced in 1995. For many years, Camilla and the Prince of Wales had a controversial relationship, which was highly publicised in the media and attracted worldwide scrutiny.〔''Charles and Camilla: Portrait of a Love Affair'' by biographer Gyles Brandreth depicts Charles and Camilla's relationship as controversial due to its longevity and throughout the book shows the media's interest and representation to the public.〕 In 2005, it culminated in a civil marriage at Windsor Guildhall, which was followed by a televised Anglican blessing by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Rowan Williams, at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. As the Duchess of Cornwall, Camilla assists the Prince of Wales on his official duties. She is also the patron, president and a member of numerous charities and organisations. Since 1994, she has taken action on osteoporosis, which has earned her honours and awards. She has also raised awareness in areas including rape and sexual abuse, literacy and poverty, for which she has latterly been praised. ==Childhood and young adulthood== Camilla was born Camilla Rosemary Shand at King's College Hospital, London, on 17 July 1947 at 7:00 am (BST).〔Graham, p. 9〕〔Some sources report that she was born in Plumpton, but it seems that this is a confusion of her childhood home with her birthplace.〕 She grew up in the Laines, a country house located in Plumpton, East Sussex,〔Brandreth, p. 104〕 and a three-storey house in South Kensington, her family's second home.〔 Her parents were British Army officer turned businessman Major Bruce Shand (1917–2006) and his wife, the Hon. Rosalind (née Cubitt; 1921–1994), an adoption worker.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.baaf.org.uk/about/president )〕 She has one younger sister, Annabel Elliot, and had a younger brother, Mark Shand (1951–2014). Her maternal great-grandmother, Alice Keppel, was a mistress of King Edward VII from 1898 to 1910.〔 On 1 November 1947, Camilla was baptised at Firle Church, Sussex. Her godparents were Hon. Henry Cubitt (her maternal uncle, later the 4th Baron Ashcombe), Major Neil Speke, Heathcoat Amory, Lombard Hobson and Vivien Mosley.〔The Times, 21 October 1944.〕〔The Times, 5 August 1942.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://users.uniserve.com/~canyon/christenings.htm#Christenings )〕 Camilla's mother worked for an adoption agency, while her father had different business interests after retiring from the army. He was most notably a partner in Block, Grey and Block, a firm of wine merchants in South Audley Street, Mayfair, later joining Ellis, Son and Vidler of Hastings and London. During her childhood years, Camilla became an avid reader due to the influence of her father, who read to her frequently. She grew up with dogs and cats,〔Brandreth, p. 105〕 and, at a young age, learnt how to ride a pony by joining Pony Club camps.〔Brandreth, p. 107〕 According to her, childhood "was perfect in every way."〔 Biographer Gyles Brandreth describes her background and childhood: At the age of five, Camilla was sent to Dumbrells, a co-educational school in Ditchling village.〔 Dumbrells was remembered by a former pupil as "so harsh that a child who could cope with Dumbrells could cope with anything."〔 By all reports, Camilla flourished while going there and was seen as a "healthy and happy, jolly little girl."〔Brandreth, p. 106〕 At Dumbrells, she outshined at playing ice hockey in the winter and stoolball in the summer during school games.〔Graham, p.14〕 She left Dumbrells aged ten to attend Queen's Gate School in Queen's Gate, South Kensington. Her classmates while attending Queen's Gate knew her as "Milla"; her fellow pupils included the singer Twinkle, who described her as the girl who had "inner strength," exuding "magnetism and confidence".〔Brandreth, pp. 108–109〕 One of the teachers at the school was writer Penelope Fitzgerald, who then taught French; she remembered Camilla as "bright and lively". Camilla left Queen's Gate with one O-level in 1964; her parents did not make her stay long enough for A-levels.〔Brandreth, p. 108〕 At the age of sixteen, she travelled abroad to attend the Mon Fertile finishing school in Tolochenaz, Switzerland.〔Brandreth, p. 146〕 After completing her course in Switzerland, she made her own decision and travelled to France to learn French and French literature at the University of London Institute in Paris for six months.〔Brandreth, p. 147〕〔 On 25 March 1965, Camilla was a debutante in London.〔Brandreth, p. 160〕 According to Peter Townend, an editor of ''Tatler'' magazine, she was among 311 debutantes in 1965. Columnist Betty Kenward, who wrote in her column, Jennifer's Diary, published her coming-out party in the ''Queen'' magazine.〔Brandreth, pp. 159–160〕 150 guests attended the event, and was described by Kenward as "successful".〔〔Brandreth, p. 161〕 After moving from home, Camilla shared a small flat in Kensington with her friend Jane Wyndham, niece of decorator Nancy Lancaster. She later moved into a larger flat in Belgravia on Cundy Street around Victoria Coach Station, sharing with her landlady Lady Moyra Campbell, the daughter of the Duke of Abercorn, and later with Virginia Carrington, daughter of the politician Lord Carrington.〔Wilson, pp. 16–17〕 Virginia was married to Camilla's uncle Henry Cubitt from 1973 until 1979.〔Brandreth, p. 172〕 In 2005, she became a special aide to Camilla and Prince Charles. Camilla worked as a secretary for a variety of firms in the West End and was later employed as a receptionist by the decorating firm Sibyl Colefax & John Fowler in Mayfair.〔Brandreth, p. 171〕 In her spare time, she became a passionate horse-rider and frequently attended equestrian activities.〔 She also had a passion for painting, which eventually led her to enrol for private tutoring from an artist to enhance her art skills, however most of her works, she states, ended up in the bin. Other interests were fishing, horticulture and gardening.〔Brandreth, pp. 187–188〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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